United States Special Operations Forces

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United States Special Operations Forces are active and reserve component forces of U.S. Military. They are designated by the United States Secretary of Defense, and are specifically trained to conduct operations in an area under enemy or unfriendly control or politically sensitive environments to achieve military, diplomatic, informational, and economic objectives of the United States.

While in the continental U.S., most Special Operations Forces (SOF) units answer to the administration of their assigned branch of the military, but organizationally under U.S. Special Operations Command (SOCOM). Operational control of deployed units falls under the respective SOCOM and its Special Operations Command structure. However, the Secretary of Defense can place all Special Operations Forces under the direct control of the SOCOM, usually in time of active hostilities.

U.S. SOF units have the same basic role in warfare as the special forces of most other countries, supplying small, elite units that can operate far behind enemy lines on unconventional warfare, foreign internal defense, counter-terrorism, special reconnaissance and direct action missions.

U.S. Army Rangers on patrol

  • Marine Special Operations Battalions (MSOBs)
  • Marine Special Operations Advisor Group (MSOAG)
  • Marine Special Operations Support Group (MSOSG)
  • Marine Force Reconnaissance (Deep Reconnaissance and Direct Action) - 1st and 2nd Force Recon Companies have been absorbed into the MSOBs.

In the modern U.S. military structure since World War II, dozens of special operations units have been formed and later disbanded. Many were created for a specific, limited objective (such as Task Force 11), or for a specific conflict. In some cases, a special operations unit is reconstituted under a different name, usually for reasons of security, or evolves from a pilot project into a more permanent force. See Former United States special operations units.

  • CSM Eric Haney (retired, former Delta Force operator and founding member [2002]. Inside Delta Force: The Story of America's Elite Counterterrorist Unit. Delacorte Press. ISBN 0-385-33603-9. 
  • Linda Robinson (2004). Masters of Chaos: The Secret History of the Special Forces. PublicAffairs. ISBN 1-58648-249-1. 
  • Mark Bowden (1999). Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern Warfare. Atlantic Monthly Press. ISBN 0-87113-738-0. 
  • Sean Naylor (2005). Not a Good Day to Die : The Untold Story of Operation Anaconda. The Berkeley Publishing Group. ISBN 0-425-19609-7. 

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Special_Operations_Forces"
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